Documents (15)

The Gender Pension Gap, past gender labour market inequalities and pension systems in the EU 25/04/2024

The Gender Pension Gap (GPG) shows much variation between the EU Member States. This report analyses the links between the GPG, aspects of pension systems and gender inequalities on the labour market in past decades.

Reports - REP_13001  (en),

The Gender Pension Gap as an indicator of gender inequality in old age in the EU 25/04/2024

The Gender Pension Gap (GPG) and the Gender Pension Coverage Gap (GPCG) are indicators of inequality between genders concerning pensions. This report discusses the extent and evolution of the GPG and GPCG in the EU countries. Also, these measures are evaluated as to their quality as indicators of gender inequality in old age, and proposals for possible improvements are made. 

Reports - REP_13000  (en),

Minimum regulations, pension credits and the gender pension gap 30/01/2024

This report shows that minimum regulations (minimum pensions and the minimumright per career year) and pension credits diminish pension inequality between men and women. If we assume that there are no minimum regulations, the pension gap would be 37% instead of 31%. If we assume that pension credits are not granted, the gap would be 43% instead of 31%. The pension credit part-time work with maintenance of pension rights, one specific type of pension credit, has a limited impact. Without this pension credit, the pension gap would increase with 0.4 percentage points.

Reports - REP_12936  (nl),

Derived rights and the gender pension gap. On the importance of survivor and divorce pensions in women and men’s pension income 31/05/2023

The results of this report show that the average pension of women is lower than that of men: in december 2017 the average gross pension of women aged 65 and older was 1469 euros, compared to 1920 euros for men. The gender pension gap thus equals 24%. The fact that this gap is not higher can to an important extent be attributed to the existence of derived rights. Without derived rights the gap would be 50%.

Reports - REP_12783  (fr), (nl),

MIDAS 2.0. Revision of a dynamic microsimulation model 24/01/2023

MIDAS, the dynamic microsimulation model that focuses on the social sustainability of pensions, has undergone a major revision in recent years to improve the validity of the projections. This Working Paper not only reports on this revision, but also describes some important new modules.

Working Papers - Working Paper 02-23  (nl), (nl),

Pension agreement July 2022 – Evaluation of pension measures. Report at the demand of the limited Council of Ministers 18/11/2022

This report (written at the request of the limited Council of Ministers) examines the budgetary impact as well as the consequences for the pensions of men and women of the pension agreement of July 19th, 2022. This agreement contains three measures :   

• The agreement introduces a pension bonus for employees, the self-employed and civil servants
• To have access to the minimum pension of employees, the self-employed and civil servants, it introduces an additional working condition
• The agreement modifies the flexible minimum pension for employees in a way that should benefit female pensioners (the gender measure)

Reports - REP_CEP15_12689  (mix),

Revalorisation réelle des salaires dans le calcul des pensions des travailleurs salariés - Modélisation d’une composante importante du système de pensions à points au sein du modèle MIDAS
Reële herwaardering van lonen in de pensioenberekening van werknemers – Modellering van een belangrijk aspect van het puntensysteem van het model MIDAS 15/05/2018

Reports - REP_CEP13_11694  (fr),

Reële herwaardering van lonen in de pensioenberekening van werknemers - Een verkenning van een aspect van het puntensysteem via een langetermijnmodel
Revalorisation réelle des salaires pris en compte dans le calcul des pensions du régime salarié – une analyse exploratoire d’un des aspects du système de pensions à points au travers d’un modèle de long terme 15/03/2018

Reports - REP_CEP12_11678  (nl),

Une réforme de la régularisation des périodes d’études dans les régimes belges de pension - Estimation des effets budgétaires
Een hervorming van de regularisatie van studieperiodes in de Belgische pensioenregelingen - Raming van de budgettaire effecten 24/04/2017

Reports - REP_CEP8_11421  (mix),

Importance et composition des périodes assimilées dans les trois régimes de pension - Etat des lieux
Het belang en de samenstelling van gelijkgestelde periodes in de drie pensioenstelsels - Een stand van zaken 31/05/2016

Reports - REP_CEP4_11186  (mix),

Studieperiodes in de drie voornaamste rustpensioenregelingen - Een overzicht van het wettelijke kader en gegevensanalyse
Les périodes d’études dans les trois principaux régimes de pension de retraite - Un aperçu du cadre légal et une description statistique 29/04/2016

This rapport was drafted at request by the Strategic Cell of the Ministry of Pensions. The first part discusses the regulatory framework concerned with regularisation of higher education years in each pension scheme. The second part describes the importance of regularised periods of study in the different pension schemes. The data used in the second part were provided by the pension institutions (Federale Pensioendienst, RSVZ).

Reports - RAPPORT_CEP6_11222  (mix),

Évolution de la qualité sociale des pensions du premier pilier au travers d’indicateurs macro-budgétaires
Evolutie van de sociale kwaliteit van de eerstepijlerpensioenen op basis van macrobudgettaire indicatoren 31/03/2016

Reports - REP_CEP2_11081  (mix),

Le concept de "métiers lourds" dans la législation de pensions de certains pays européens
Het concept "zware beroepen" in de pensioenwetgeving van enkele Europese landen 18/03/2016

At the request of the steering committee of the Pension knowledge centre, an overview is provided of how strenuous work is taken into account in the pension legislation of some EU countries. There is no uniform approach to the concept of strenuous work in the different countries under investigation. Two major trends can be identified: a list of strenuous occupations in the older legislations and a list of objective criteria in the most recent legislations. In some cases, these criteria include also criteria of mental strain. With a few exceptions, all systems examined only apply to private sector workers.

Reports - OPREP201603  (mix),

Les espérances de vie/de santé selon le statut socio-économique - Revue de la littérature
Levens- en gezondheidsverwachtingen naar socio-economisch statuut - Literatuuroverzicht 25/09/2015

Reports - REP_CEP_03  (mix),

Analyse des effets de la réforme des pensions et du chômage avec complément d’entreprise
Analyse van de effecten van de hervorming van de pensioenen en van de werkloosheid met bedrijfstoeslag 25/09/2015

Other publications - REP_CEP_01  (mix),