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Publications
Dans un souci de transparence et d’information, le BFP publie régulièrement les méthodes et résultats de ses travaux. Les publications sont organisées en séries, entre autres, les perspectives, les working papers et planning papers. Certains rapports peuvent également être consultés ici, de même que les bulletins du Short Term Update publiés jusqu’en 2015. Une recherche par thématique, type de publication, auteur et année vous est proposée.
A la demande des partenaires sociaux, le secrétariat du Conseil Central de l’Economie a réalisé un diagnostic de l’état de la recherche et de l’innovation en Belgique (CRB, 2006). Un des principaux problèmes identifiés dans ce diagnostic est la part limitée du secteur public dans le financement de la recherche. Au-delà d’un problème quantitatif, les résultats atteints par le système d’innovation belge conduisent aussi à s’interroger sur l’efficacité de ce financement public.
Working Papers - Working paper 09-06 (mix),
In the Royal Decree de dato December 6, 2005 (published in the Belgian Official Journal1 of December 19, 2005) the installation of a Commission Energy 2030 was officialised: the Commission is made up of a number of Belgian and foreign experts who will carefully scrutinize the energy future of Belgium on a long term horizon (2030). In order to fulfil this task, it was decided to start from a quantitative, scientific base. Because of the long expertise in modelling and analysing of long term energy projections, the Federal Planning Bureau (FPB) was asked to take up the task of providing the Commission with the necessary input. This input will subsequently be studied by the Commission, as well as complemented with analyses and other activities executed in its bosom.
This report aims at gathering the work carried out by the FPB in the above framework. The heart of the analysis of the Belgian energy outlook to 2030 is provided by a set of energy scenarios. These scenarios provide a quantitative basis for the analysis of environmental, energy and economic challenges Belgium will be faced with in the coming years. Doing so, the analysis gives a valuable input to the report the Commission Energy 2030 has to deliver to M. Verwilghen, the federal Minister of Energy.
Autres publications - REPENERGY0601 (en), (en),
Le Planning Paper 101 « Politique économique structurelle : l’agenda de Lisbonne » a pour but d’analyser la dimension micro-économique de la stratégie de Lisbonne. Il s’attache à mettre en évidence les assises théoriques de ce pilier, l’évolution des conceptions dans la mise en œuvre de cette partie de la stratégie et de sa nécessaire coordination avec les deux autres piliers de la stratégie et les principaux résultats obtenus tant au niveau de l’Union dans son ensemble qu’au niveau belge. Pour ce faire, il détaille aussi la stratégie de Lisbonne renouvelée telle qu’elle fut adoptée par le Conseil européen de Bruxelles en mars 2005 et qui recentre l’action sur un partenariat pour la croissance et l’emploi.
Séries clôturées - Planning Paper 101 (fr), (nl),
Working Papers - Working Paper 08-06 (nl),
Dans ce Working Paper, les instruments utilisés au BFP sont classifiés en trois groupes : modèles nationaux, modèles internationaux et autres outils et méthodes. Les instruments décrits dans ce document sont utilisés pour produire des analyses et des projections dans un large éventail de domaines : analyses de cycles économiques et projections à court terme, analyses macrosectorielles et perspectives à moyen terme, projections à long terme et problématique du vieillissement, relations inter-sectorielles, économie internationale, analyses du marché de l’emploi, finances publiques, analyses démographiques, économie des transports, analyses du marché de l’énergie, questions environnementales et développement durable. Ce document ne donne qu’une vue d’ensemble des principaux outils et des principales méthodes. Pour plus d’informations, chaque fiche descriptive est suivie d’une liste brève de documents plus techniques et d’applications, ainsi que de l'adresse mail de contact au BFP.
Working Papers - Working Paper 07-06 (en), (fr), (nl),
The August 2006 issue of the NIME Outlook for the World Economy presents a 2006-2012 macroeconomic projection for the major areas of the world. The outlook was produced using NIME, the Belgian Federal Planning Bureau’s macroeconometric world model. This issue features a stochastic evaluation of its world economic outlook. The major technical assumptions behind the outlook as well as a brief description of the NIME model are presented in the appendix.
Prévisions & perspectives - NEO 02-06 (en),
Cette étude fait suite à la demande du ministre fédéral de l'Environnement, M. Tobback. En août 2005, il a demandé au Bureau fédéral du Plan d'élaborer et d'analyser des scénarios de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) en Belgique aux horizons 2020 et 2050 dans le cadre de la politique climatique post-2012. Les réductions d'émission de GES doivent être compatibles avec les trajectoires de réductions proposées par l’Union européenne dans le cadre de la mise en oeuvre de la Convention cadre sur les changements climatiques des Nations unies. Il s’agit de réductions de l’ordre de 15 à 30% d’ici 2020 et de l’ordre de 60 à 80% d’ici 2050, par rapport à 1990 pour l’ensemble des pays développés.
Autres publications - Kyoto 2006 (mix),
Working Papers - Working Paper 06-06 (nl),
The Belgian Study Group on Ageing of the High Council of Finance, in its Annual Report, publishes the results of research on the budgetary and social effects of ageing. In this context, the Federal Planning Bureau, in its capacity as secretariat and main research body of the Committee, has in recent years been stepping up its efforts to deve lop models based on socioeconomic micro data. The results of one of these models, de signed to make short-term projections of poverty indicators, are presented in this paper.
Working Papers - Working paper 05-06 (en),
This paper describes the operating mode of the two existing Belgian fiscal councils as well as their role in the budgetary planning process. These institutions, created or reformed in depth in a context of large public deficits and increasing public debt-to-GDP ratios coupled with the regionalization of the Belgian state, are the result of a maturing process. The National Accounts Institute covers the positive side of the budgetary process, while the High Council of Finance deals with the normative side. Concerning the former domain, the creation of an independent institution to provide unbiased forecasts undeniably contributed to the consolidation of public finances in Belgium. In the context of the revised Stability and Growth Pact, lessons drawn from the Belgian experience can certainly be useful for other Member States willing to improve their fiscal institutional settings. Our chief recommendations for making the budgetary process successful are: institutions dealing with positive economics should enjoy a fully independent status but remain public; positive and normative issues should be completely separated from an institutional point of view; and responsibility should be shared between several strong independent institutions so as to minimize political pressure.
Working Papers - Working paper 04-06 (en),
Après le compromis intervenu au Conseil européen de décembre 2005, le Parlement européen a finalement approuvé, ce 17 mai 2006, le budget européen pour les sept prochaines années (les Perspectives financières 2007-2013).
Une publication rassemble, à l’initiative du Bureau fédéral du Plan, les analyses effectuées durant la période des négociations par des experts de la Région wallonne, de la Région flamande et du Bureau fédéral du Plan, qui ont apporté leur soutien technique aux négociateurs belges.
Cette publication dresse le bilan des négociations communautaires sur les Perspectives financières et détaille les résultats du compromis, en examinant de près ses implications financières pour la Belgique.
Working Papers - Working Paper 03-06 (mix),
Within the Belgian National Accounts Institute, the Federal Planning Bureau (FPB) has been assigned responsibility for the environmental satellite accounts. One of these accounts is the National Accounting Matrix including Environmental Accounts for Air pollution (NAMEA Air). The NAMEA Air for Belgium currently contains data on greenhouse gas emissions, acidifying emissions, photochemical emissions, emissions of fine dust particles and emissions of lead for 1990 and for the period 1994-2002. The air pollutant that has received the most attention over the last decade is, without any doubt, carbon dioxide, the emissions of which are closely linked to energy use. This special topic investigates the driving forces behind the changes in CO2 emissions by the Belgian industries by means of decomposition analysis. Emissions by households are thus not considered. The industries were responsible for the largest part of Belgian CO2 emissions, more specifically 76%, in 2002. In that year, CO2 emissions represented 87% of total greenhouse gas emissions covered by the Kyoto protocol.
Articles - Article 2006051901
After the compromise that was reached at the European Council of December 2005, the European Parliament finally approved, on 17 May 2006, the European budget for the next seven years (the Financial Perspective 2007-2013).
Articles - Working Paper 03-06
This Working Paper presents the methodology and results of a stochastic simulation evaluation of the risks related to the medium-term world economic outlook produced using the Federal Planning Bureau’s NIME model in January 2006. The results include confidence intervals around a baseline projection for the euro area, the United States and Japan, as well as probability estimates for specific occurrences.
Articles - Working Paper 02-06
The medium-term outlook for Belgium points towards an average GDP growth rate of 2.2% during the 2006-2011 period, which is slightly higher than potential (2.0%). This pace of growth should follow a slowdown in economic growth in 2005 (1.5%) and a rebound in 2006 (2.4%). Economic growth in Belgium should remain slightly higher than in the euro area, on average.
Despite moderate wage increases, the average yearly growth rate for private consumption should reach 1.8% during the 2006-2011 period, in particular because of the increase in household disposable income (stimulated especially by reductions in personal income tax and increases in employment and social benefits). Investment growth should reach 2.5% during the 2006-2011 period, mainly reflecting the path of business investment growth, but also an acceleration in public investment at the end of the projection period. Growth in exports should be 5.4% on average and the contribution of net exports to GDP growth is expected to be 0.3%-points. The external surplus, which was strongly reduced between 2002 and 2005, should increase again after 2007 and attain 3.2% of GDP in 2011 (partly as a result of the improvement of the terms of trade). Limited increases in wage costs, the decline in oil prices after 2007 and a negative output gap until the end of the projection period, should allow the inflation rate to remain below 2% in the medium term.
The expected evolution of employment reflects a favourable macroeconomic context, a limited increase in wage costs and various policy measures. After the net creation of approximately 39,000 and 41,000 jobs in 2005 and 2006 respectively, about 35,000 jobs should be created every year during the 2007-2011 period. Between 2005 and 2011, industrial employment should fall by 30,000 persons, but the number of jobs created in market services should exceed 250,000. Nevertheless, in view of the strong increase in the labour force (mainly in the 50-64 age class) the fall in unemployment will be limited to 38,000 persons. The unemployment rate (broad administrative statistics) should fall from 14.3% in 2005 to 13.1% in 2011.
Under the assumption of constant policy, public accounts are expected to deteriorate markedly, with a net public financing requirement of 0.3% of GDP appearing in 2006, widening to 1.2% in 2007, before gradually falling to 0.3% by the end of the projection period. Nevertheless, the total public debt to GDP ratio is still expected to decline from 93.9% in 2005 to 78.0% in 2011.
Séries clôturées - Short Term Update 02-06 (en),
Prévisions & perspectives - Economic outlook 2006-2011 (fr), (nl),
Le Comité d’étude sur le vieillissement (CEV) présente son cinquième Rapport annuel, réalisé et transmis au gouvernement fédéral dans le cadre de la loi du 5 septembre 2001 portant garantie d’une réduction continue de la dette publique et création d’un Fonds de vieillissement. Traditionnellement, ce rapport présente une actualisation du coût budgétaire du vieillissement qui se base sur l’évolution des dépenses consacrées à la protection sociale. Cette année, l’adoption du Pacte de solidarité entre les générations donne une importance toute particulière à cette actualisation. Le rapport analyse aussi dans le détail deux thématiques en rapport avec le vieillissement : d’une part les projections à long terme pour la Belgique réalisées dans le cadre de l’Ageing Working Group de l’Union Européenne, travail auquel le Bureau fédéral du Plan collabore, et d’autre part la question de l’efficacité de l’aide sociale et du régime légal des pensions en tant qu’outils de lutte contre la pauvreté.
Autres publications - OPVERG200601 - Report (fr), (nl),
In this Working Paper, we describe how we used stochastic simulation to evaluate the risks surrounding the January 2006 NIME Economic Outlook (NEO) for the world economy. We summarise the main results by showing confidence intervals around the baseline projection as well as probabilities that certain events will occur. The results presented in this Working Paper are of an illustrative nature and do not constitute an update of the January 2006 NIME Economic Outlook.
Working Papers - Working Paper 02-06 (en),
Autres publications - Network industries 2006 (en),
HEADLINES BELGIAN ECONOMY - MARCH 2006
In the wake of the economic recovery in Europe, Belgian GDP growth rose gradually from 0.1% in the first quarter to 0.6% in the last quarter of 2005. Quarterly growth should stabilise at 0.6% during the first half of 2006 and remain higher than 0.5% during the second half of the year. On a yearly basis, GDP growth should strengthen from 1.5% last year to 2.2% in 2006.This year, net exports as well as domestic demand should contribute positively to economic growth. Due to the European recovery, Belgian export growth will strengthen to 4.7%. The current account surplus, however, will increase very little as a result of the high oil prices, which will lead to a negative evolution in the terms of trade. Domestic demand will grow at a slower pace as business investment will weaken somewhat after a significant catch-up and some exceptional purchases in 2005. This slow-down will be partially compensated for by stronger public expenditure – in consumption and investment – as well as stronger private consumption. Consumer expenditure should accelerate to 1.6% as household disposable income is underpinned by employment growth and personal income tax cuts.After a net gain of 38,600 persons last year, employment is expected to record an average annual rise of 41,100 persons in 2006. The number of jobs is growing faster than the labour force, which should slightly reduce the unemployment rate (broad administrative statistics) from 14.3% last year to 14.1% in 2006. The ‘harmonised’ unemployment rate (Eurostat definition) should decline from 8.4% last year to 8.3% in 2006.Inflation should fall markedly in 2006 compared to 2005 due to a limited rise in unit wage costs and the fading of the effects of higher oil prices. The inflation picture is somewhat blurred by the persistent deterioration in the terms of trade and by the introduction of a new price index. The private consump-tion deflator should increase by 2.3%, the GDP deflator by 1.9% and the national index of consumer prices by 1.8%.
Séries clôturées - Short Term Update 01-06 (en),
Prévisions & perspectives - Economic forecasts 2006 C (fr), (nl),
This working paper assesses the impact of the oil price shock on the Belgian economy and tries to explain why the impact has been very limited when compared to the oil price shocks in the seventies.
Articles - Working Paper 01-06
Price regulation has for a long time existed in a limited number of sectors in Belgium. The paper gives an overview of the legislation in this area and looks in particular at the sectors of over-the-counter medicines and old people’s homes. It describes the system and proposes a number of changes to the regulatory framework.
Articles - Working Paper 19-05
The January 2006 issue of the NIME Economic Outlook (NEO) for the World Economy presents a 2006-2012 macroeconomic outlook for the major areas of the world. The outlook was produced using NIME, the Federal Planning Bureau’s macroeconometric world model. The January 2006 issue also features an assessment of the response of the euro area economy to a shift away from the direct taxation of labour towards the indirect taxation of final demand.
Articles - NIME 2006 - JAN
A la demande du Conseil des ministres et en collaboration avec l’Agence pour la simplification administrative, le Bureau fédéral du Plan a estimé le montant des charges administratives incombant aux entreprises et aux indépendants belges pour l’année 2004. Cette estimation est basée sur la technique de l’enquête auprès d’un échantillon représentatif de la population à étudier. Cette technique est identique à celle utilisée lors des précédentes enquêtes évaluant les charges administratives des années 2000 et 2002. En plus de la dimension quantitative, l’enquête contient aussi un important volet qualitatif permettant de rendre compte de l’opinion des entreprises et des indépendants sur la problématique des charges administratives.
Séries clôturées - Planning Paper 100 (fr), (nl),
Bureau fédéral du Plan
